It's the M40 106mm recoilless rifle, an American-made, Vietnam-vintage weapon that got dropped from the Army and Marine inventory back during the early 1970s. And, in addition to high-explosive anti-tank rounds, the M50’s recoilless rifles could be loaded with anti-personnel canister ammunition filled with metallic … The M-50 Ontos self-propelled anti-tank artillery, based on a light chassis developed for airborne operations, was mounted with six M40A1 or M40A2 106 mm recoilless rifles. Recoilless rifles are capable of firing artillery-type shells at reduced velocities comparable to those of standard cannon, but with greater accuracy than anti-tank weapons that used unguided rockets, and almost entirely without recoil. One of the most popular recoilless rifles ever produced became the Cold War-era 84mm "Carl Gustav" launcher which still sees regular service around the world today. More accurate, longer-ranged, easier to use and far more powerful than the RPG-2 that it replaced, and more powerful than the much heavier 57mm recoilless rifles North Vietnam had received from China and the Soviet Union in the 1950s, it proved to be an equalizer in infantry vs tank combat. The B-10 recoilless rifle (Bezotkatnojie orudie-10, known as the RG82 in East Germany) is a Soviet 82 mm smoothbore recoilless gun.It could be carried on the rear of a BTR-50 armoured personnel carrier. The following is an overview of the Rifle Company of the U.S. Army from November 1970 to September 1975. Location: Hue Vietnam… This is what would have been effective during the later half of the Vietnam War, although we will also be going over more practical Vietnam-specific organization changes as the TO&E often went out of the window in country. The weapon was crewed by a two-man team, the gunner and the loader, who fired it from either a prone, kneeling, or standing position. The M18 recoilless rifle was a 57mm shoulder fired anti-tank recoilless rifle used by the U.S. Army in World War II and the Korean War. Price: US $69.50. In a strange twist, the Chinese version of the M18 can fire both U.S. and Chinese manufactured ammunition, but the U.S. made M18s cannot fire Chinese ammunition. It could be used in both anti-tank and anti-personnel roles. The M40 is an 106mm breech-loaded, single-shot, man-portable, crew-served recoilless rifle. The only complaint the U.S. Army had was the lack of sufficient 57 mm ammunition for the M18. The period up to the conventional phase in the 1970, the Viet Cong and NVA were primarily limited to mortars, recoil-less rifles and small-arms and had significantly lighter equipment and firepower in comparison with the US arsenal, relying on ambushes alongside superior stealth, planning, marksmanship and small-unit tactics to face the disproportionate US technological advantage. It can be used in both anti-tank and anti-personnel roles. The "Kromuskit", as the new 57 mm weapon was called (a word play on the engineers' family names) was officially designated the T15 and first tested in November 1943. The M40 is shaped like a long tube with an M8 0.50 cal spotting rifle above. It was able to use the NATO-standard M74 tripod, and proved with its HE and white phosphorus rounds it was the perfect weapon for the hard fighting that took place against dug-in People's Army of Vietnam forces. entries in the Military Factory.. On top of the mount is a traverse wheel. Forces in the Po Valley in Italy during the 1945 Spring Offensive. Introduced in the early 1960s in Army and Marine Corps service, the M67 was used in the Vietnam War together with the much larger 106mm M40. Ammunition was packed four shells to a wooden crate, each crate weighing about 40 lbs and had a volume of 0.86 cubic feet. The M3 Carl Gustav is an 84mm man-portable, multi-role, parachute jumpable, recoilless rifle. However, guided anti-tank missiles have largely replaced the recoilless rifle in the most modern of armies. The typical recoilless gun functions very much like a conventional gun. The first combat the new cannon saw was with the U.S. Army's 17th Airborne Division near Essen, Germany as well as U.S. By contrast the M825 (M151A2 base vehicle) was made in fairly small numbers. Troopers move on double behind the mechanical mule. Instead of a blowout plug, the infantry section's recoilless cannon used a British development, Ordnance, RCL, 3.45 in developed by Dennistoun Burney, from in which the cartridge case had hundreds of small holes in the side walls with a lining of plastic on the inside of the cartridge case walls to keep water and other elements out until the round was fired. Platts 1/35 Vietnam War The United States Marine Corps M274 Mule 106mm recoilless Rifle and Soldier Plastic Model DR3315 Platts 1/35 World War II Soviet Military Reconnaissance Soldiers and Sniper (Woman Soldier Two Bodies, Male Soldier Two-Body) Plastic Model DR6068 Highlight - 1/35 Plastikmodellbausatz reproduziert den sowjetischen Scharfschützen des Zweiten Weltkriegs im … It was said this round converted the recoilless rifle in world's biggest shotgun. The M40 is shaped like a long tube with a M8 0.50 cal spotting rifle above. The U.S. had provided Nationalist China the blueprints for the weapon. The T3 front grip doubled as an adjustable monopod and the two-piece padded T3 shoulder cradle could swing down and to the rear as a bipod for the gunner. One of the oldest infantry weapons in the world is about to get a new lease on life. In Vietnam the M40 recoilless rifle displayed it's flexibility - as there were no suitable targets for an anti-tank weapon, an APERS (anti personnel, also called bee-hive) round was designed, containing 6 000 steel flechettes (darts) for striking enemy soldiers. A 106 millimeter recoilless rifle leader barks orders to his crew as they provide fire support for marines during fighting on the South Side of Saigon in March 1968. The M40 recoilless rifle is a lightweight, portable, crew-served 105 mm recoilless rifle made in the United States. On the left hand side, there is an elevating wheel, in the centre of which is the trigger wheel used to fine adjust the elevation and at the same time firing the spotting rifle when pulled, and the gun when pushed. Ontos ("The Thing") Recoilless Rifle Platform. Though relatively short-lived, the M50 made a big impression: if you see six recoilless rifle barrels pointed at you, get out of there as quickly as possible. In a single instance of a mortar and recoilless rifle attack conducted against an air base in Vietnam, a minimum of 240 rounds were fired by the Viet Cong from 81 and 82mm mortars and recoilless rifles. The American military abandoned the M40 recoilless rifle after Vietnam. The M18 recoilless rifle is a 57 mm shoulder-fired, anti-tank recoilless rifle that was used by the U.S. Army in World War II and the Korean War. The M67 recoilless rifle was a 90 mm (3.55 inch) anti-tank recoilless rifle made in the United States and later in South Korea.It could also be employed in an anti-personnel role with the use of the M590 antipersonnel round. The M40 recoilless rifle was the featured weapon on the American M50 "Ontos" tracked vehicle (detailed elsewhere on this site) and six such weapons were installed on the compact tank (though all had to be reloaded externally). Developed in the 1950s from the M27 105 RCL, it was adopted as a medium range anti-tank gun by the Australian Army 1961 to replace the 6 pr being used. This Super-Sized Six-Shooter Saved American Marines In Vietnam. Troopers fire recoilless rifle from mechanical mule. In lieu of armored threats, U.S. Marines adjusted the M50’s mission profile from anti-armor to anti-personnel. The most stable firing position was from the tripod developed for the water-cooled Browning M1917 machine gun. The cannon and 57 mm ammunition were placed in mass production. Instead, its trajectory was closely matched to the M40 rifle it was mated to. Yet the weapon keeps showing up in Libya and Syria, decades after its supposed retirement. With most recoilless cannon, there is a 1-to-9 ratio—meaning that when the weapon is fired, one part of the propellant gases is used to force the shell forward and the other 9 parts of the propellant gases are expelled to the back to counter act that forward force, achieving a recoilless effect. The gun was chambered to fire a 105x607mmR projectile which helped differentiate it from the earlier M27 recoilless rifle (this weapon's 105mm projectiles were not compatible with the M40). And, in addition to high-explosive anti-tank rounds, the M50’s recoilless rifles could be loaded with anti-personnel canister ammunition filled with metallic flechettes. The 106mm Recoilless Rifle (RCL) is a breech-loaded, single-shot, man-portable, crew-served recoilless rifle. The weapon could be both shoulder fired or fired from a prone position. Bore-sighting the 105-mm recoilless rifle mounted on a jeep. In 1948, four types of round were available for the 57 mm M18, with a canister round[20] (with a range of 160 meters) being added later: The M18 was copied by the People's Republic of China as the Type 36. On the left hand side, there is an elevating wheel, in the centre of which is the trigger wheel used to fine adjust the elevation and at the same time firing the spotting rifle when pulled, and the gun when pushed. recoilless rifle. In addition, the Ontos had a very tall profile for such a small vehicle and therefore struggled to find adequate cover in some situations, leaving the M50’s driver, gunner, and loader dangerously exposed. There are a total of [ 116 ] Vietnam War Guns (1955-1975). When used against enemy defensive positions, particularly in buildings or other reinforced positions, the Ontos was very effective. An Ontos recoilless rifle vehicle - Vietnam. By Kyle Mizokami. The Japanese Self-Defense Force (JSDF) developed the "Type 60" tank destroyer which seated two M40 guns in a side-by-side arrangement over the right side of the … Recoilless rifles were used in Vietnam and were installed on Landrovers The Ontos also suffered from a modest armor package. Although obsolete as an anti-tank weapon, the M18 was still used by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam[19] and its allied forces in an anti-personnel role. While the performance of the high explosive (HE) warhead was impressive, the M18's 57 mm HEAT round was slightly less so, only about 76.2 mm (3 in) of armor penetration at 90 degrees,[10][11] compared with the M6A3 rocket for the Bazooka which had a penetration of 100 mm. The M50 Ontos was a powerful psychological weapon as well thanks to its distinct and easily-identifiable profile. Veterans of the Korean War have mentioned the use of the M18 against enemy machine gun nests. In Vietnam the M40 recoilless rifle displayed it's flexibility - as there were no suitable targets for an anti-tank weapon, an APERS (anti personnel, also called bee-hive) round was designed, containing 6 000 steel flechettes (darts) for striking enemy soldiers. The projectile and propellant are supplied as a single round and loaded into the breech. By the late 1960s, most if not all of the M50 Ontos in Marine Corps service had been deactivated and either handed over to the Army, scrapped, or converted for other civilian purposes as heavy construction movers. M67 recoilless rifle. The mounting is a tripod, but the front leg has a castoring wheel. Land Rover 1/4 ton 4 x 4 truck, modified to carry a M40A1 106mm recoilless rifle, which is accessioned as REL/19355. [7] In late 1944, the T15 was redesignated the M18 57 mm recoilless. The following is an overview of the Rifle Company of the U.S. Army from November 1970 to September 1975. The M67 proved a reliable and effective weapon, though it was primarily used against personnel and fortifications in combat, and saw little or no use against armor. Haze and smoke in the background. The M3 Carl Gustav recoilless rifle was introduced in 1946. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). While the Ontos was indeed a powerful and relatively lightweight platform, its intended role as a tank destroyer was not exactly useful during the conflict in Vietnam thanks to the very modest amount of armored vehicles fielded by North Vietnam. Still, despite the Ontos’ not inconsiderable firepower, it was far from a perfect anti-personnel platform. Though adequate to protect from most small-arms fire, the M50 was vulnerable to anti-tank weapons like mines. The "T" designation was for experimental or early production shells and is similar to the modern "XM" designation. M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle. Production of the M20 was underway by March 1945; only limited number… The M3 Carl Gustav is an 84mm man-portable, multi-role, parachute jumpable, recoilless rifle. When the communist Chinese seized the factory, they took advantage of the facilities and blueprints to make their own copy of the weapon. The Colt Automatic Rifle-15 Military Weapons System or CAR-15 was a family of AR-15 and M16 rifle–based firearms marketed by Colt in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Where the spotting rifle's bullet landed, so too would M40 rounds. United States troopers fire recoilless rifle from mechanical mule and attack Vietcong, Hue in Vietnam. Wartime accounts by veteran Marines from that conflict suggest that the M50’s destructive potential was recognized by North Vietnamese and actively avoided. Developed in the 1950s from the M27 105 RCL, it was adopted as a medium range anti-tank gun by the Australian Army 1961 to replace the 6 pr being used. At the same time, there was a freelance research by the U.S. Army's Infantry Section of a man-portable recoilless 57 mm cannon by two engineers, named Kroger and Musser. U.S. infantry, initially with very few capabilities against these targets, solved the problem with new weapons like the 3.5-inch (89 mm) M20 Super Bazooka, which was powerful enough to destroy T-34s.[18]. The air-cooled, breech-loaded, single-shot riflefir… Rubble in aftermath of the fighting at Hue shows damaged buildings and debris on streets. Land Rover 1/4 ton 4 x 4 truck, modified to carry a M40A1 106mm recoilless rifle, which is accessioned as REL/19355. Yes, it could fire six rounds of 105mm HEAT or flechette simultaneously, but the M50’s six rifle tubes had to be loaded from the outside the vehicle hull, dangerously exposing the tanker crew. The high-caliber round was not used for direct combat itself. The only effective way to knock out German tanks was a clean shot to the rear of the tank or to cause malfunctions by hits on the seams or joint of the tanks such as the gun turret elevation joint of the main gun, junction points of the turret and hull which would cause burn over of working mechanism and produce jamming and finally a hit on the tracks to immobilize a tank. M67 Recoilless Rifle In July 1970, ... to serve as a machinist for two years but instead the Army decided to make him an infantry soldier and send him to Vietnam. One of them would have been very familiar to Kirkpatrick. The bore was commonly described as being 106 mm caliber but is in fact 105 mm; the 106 mm designation was intended to prevent confusion with incompatible 105 mm ammunition from the failed M27. On top of th… A recoilless rifle, recoilless launcher or recoilless gun, sometimes abbreviated "RR" or "RCL" is a type of lightweight artillery system or man-portable launcher that is designed to eject some form of countermass such as propellant gas from the rear of the weapon at the moment of firing, creating forward thrust that counteracts most of the weapon's recoil. 57mm Recoilless Rifle (CHICOM Type 36) The recoilless rifle that had the best mobility was also the lightest, the 57mm. The first fifty[9] production M18 57 mm cannons and ammunition were rushed from the factories to the European theater in March 1945. The USMC acquired 176 of them, used for fire support in Vietnam. The weapon was carried in a T27 Cover with two padded shoulder straps, designed to be simultaneously carried by two men in line with t… [note 1] The belief was this feature would reduce friction on firing, allowing more of the propellant gases to be used to force the shell towards the target and less being used to achieve the recoilless effect and therefore giving their design a much higher muzzle velocity than most recoilless cannon at that time period had achieved. Vietnam, 1962-1975 Army organisation period 1961-Description. It could also be awkwardly carried, fired from the shoulder and reloaded by one man in an emergency, fired prone from the extended T3 monopod and bipod, or fired from a fixed position on a cradle mounted on the M1917A1 machine gun tripod. [17] For anti-tank tasks, however, the M18 was too weak; the Soviet-built T-34 tank was extremely hard to penetrate even for the 2.36-inch (60 mm) Bazooka of World War II. It is easily identified by a preengraved rotating band, a perforated cartridge case, and a positioning band. History / Summary. Vietnam, 1962-1975 Army organisation period 1961-Description. Intended primarily as an anti-tank weapon, it could also be employed in an antipersonnel role with the use of an antipersonnel-tracer flechette round. This article is about the weapons used in the Vietnam War, which involved the People's Army of Vietnam or North Vietnamese Army , National Liberation Front for South Vietnam or Viet Cong , and the armed forces of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam , United States, Republic of Korea, Philippines, Thailand, and the Australian, New Zealand defence forces, and a variety of irregular troops. Flag images indicative of country of origin and not necessarily the primary operator. During World War IIthe U.S. military recognized that a powerful lightweight weapon was needed for defending infantry and light armor units due to advancements in armor technology by enemy forces. This is what would have been effective during the later half of the Vietnam War, although we will also be going over more practical Vietnam-specific organization changes as the TO&E often went out of the window in country. Caleb Larson is a defense writer for the National Interest. The "M" designation is used for standardized items. [15], Each U.S. Army rifle company in the Korean War was authorized three M18 recoilless rifles. The M40 recoilless rifle is a lightweight, portable, crew-served 105 mm weapon intended primarily as an anti-tank weapon made in the United States.The weapon is commonly described as being 106 mm, but it is in fact 105 mm; the 106 mm designation was designed to prevent confusion with the incompatible 105 mm ammunition from the failed M27. 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